Experimenter's
hypothesis confirmation as determinant of experimental results
among Japanese experimenters and subjects
Y. Uno, R.D. Frager, K. Takashima & R. Rosemthal |
Twenty-four
Japanese experimenters conducted an experiment in person perception
with a total of 9b Japanese subjects at Keio University. For half
their Ss, Es were led to expect Ss to rate photos as being of successful
people. For the remaining half, .Es were led to expect Ss to rate
photos as being of unsuccessful people. within each of these two
groups of Es, one-third had their expectancies confirmed and one
third had their expectancies disconfirmed by their first two Ss who
were actually accomplices. The remaining Ss contacted pretest Ss
who were not accomplices and their expectancies were neither strongly
confirmed nor strongly disconfirmed. Results showed that, overall,
Es tended to obtain responses from Ss in a direction opposite to
that which they had been led to expect. This reversal could be seen
most clearly among Es treated most like the Es of an earlier experiment
employing Japanese Es and Ss and also finding reversal effects of
E expectancy. Additional evidence was found to suggest that the things
that happen to E during the course of his experiment can have a significant
effect on his Ss' subsequent responses.
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