Abstract
Experimenter's hypothesis confirmation as determinant of experimental results among Japanese experimenters and subjects
Y. Uno, R.D. Frager, K. Takashima & R. Rosemthal
Twenty-four Japanese experimenters conducted an experiment in person perception with a total of 9b Japanese subjects at Keio University. For half their Ss, Es were led to expect Ss to rate photos as being of successful people. For the remaining half, .Es were led to expect Ss to rate photos as being of unsuccessful people. within each of these two groups of Es, one-third had their expectancies confirmed and one third had their expectancies disconfirmed by their first two Ss who were actually accomplices. The remaining Ss contacted pretest Ss who were not accomplices and their expectancies were neither strongly confirmed nor strongly disconfirmed. Results showed that, overall, Es tended to obtain responses from Ss in a direction opposite to that which they had been led to expect. This reversal could be seen most clearly among Es treated most like the Es of an earlier experiment employing Japanese Es and Ss and also finding reversal effects of E expectancy. Additional evidence was found to suggest that the things that happen to E during the course of his experiment can have a significant effect on his Ss' subsequent responses.