A survey of the attitudes and life-styles of 1,790 Japanese boys between the ages of 11 and 16 reveals both similarities and differences with respect to similar data collected several years earlier on a comparable sample of American teenagers. As a group, the Japanese boys reveal greater dissatisfaction with themselves. They less frequently aspire to be like their parents than do the Americans, and they report being controlled more often by psychological pressure from their parents than by either physical punishment or deprivation of privileges. Most Japanese boys are decidedly opposed to entering the Self-Defense Force and a large proportion are concerned about their chances of achieving vocational goals. Other findings from the survey disclose additional areas of values and interests in which Japanese and American teenagers are either similar or different. The results provide a further basis for understanding the development of adult dispositions in these two cultural settings.