Abstract
Tacit communication between Japanese experimenters and subjects
Y. Uno & R. Rosenthal
The importance to the Japanese of nonverbal communication was outlined as associated with the influence of (a) primitive religious beliefs (b) Zen Buddhism, and (c) Confucianism. The nonverbal communication occurring between five samples of contemporary Japanese psychological experimenters and their research subjects was summarized. For half their subjects experimenters had been led to expect research results in one direction, while for the remaining half of their subjects, experimenters had been led to expect results in the opposite direction. Results showed that, overall, Japanese experimenters tended to obtain results from their research subjects in the direction opposite to that which they had been led to expect. These results were discussed in the light of direct observations of the experimental behavior of the Japanese experimenters and in terms of the nature of the current generation of Japanese students.