The roles of anticipation and personality factors (chiefly, defense mechanisms) in experimentally induced anxiety were investigated. To induce anxiety three kinds of slides of traffic accidents were used: (1) Low Threat Stimulus (cars only), (2) Medium Threat Stimulus (crashed cars), (3) High Threat Stimulus (crushed human bodies involved in traffic accidents), To investigate the role of anticipation, digits were assigned to these stimuli; in the case of (1) the digit 1, in the case of (2) the digits 2 and 1, and in the case of (3) the digits 3, 2, and 1. As physiological and psychological indices, heart rate, pulse volume, and self-ratings were measured. From the results the relationships between anticipation and individual differences of defense mechanisms and the degrees of induced anxiety were ascertained.