There is a painful longing in the free world for a material and spiritual renaissance, stemming from anguish at a possible nuclear war holocaust and from the apparent hopelessness of mankind to integrate peacefully and productively. In this state of existential dread huge counterculture-minded multitudes seize upon traditional and new spiritual doctrines which are pouring into the West. Their powerful yearning is for mind expansion, that is, for a fusion of conscious daily life experience and superconscious spiritual experience (Bakan, 1966). The present essay attempts to show that mind expansion can be achieved by a scientific procedure, which disassociates itself from traditional mystic doctrines, although it can be shown that these have also, unknowingly, a scientific ground. There is, as a matter of fact, no great gap between Buddha's and Pavlov's conditioning technique (Gilbert, 1967).