Recently, some researchers reported other-enhancement instead of self-enhancement among Japanese. The present two studies examined the relation between self-appraisals and appraisals of others by distinguishing two types of others. Participants rated a series of items according to how they thought relative position of self, reference others, and most other people. The results from both studies revealed that people did show self-enhancement when self was compared with most other people, and did not show it in comparison with reference others. Relative position of self and reference others was depend on self-esteem level and rating context. These findings were discussed from cultural difference of conception of the self.