A positive relationship between English phoneme deletion skill, a measure of the theoretical construct phonological awareness, and pronunciation accuracy, the ability to read aloud correctly familiar English words, was found in two groups of Hong Kong high school students (7th and 10th graders) who learned English as a second language. English sight vocabulary was also found to be predictive of pronunciation accuracy for the 10th but not for the 7th graders. The present findings are understood in light of the well-documented relationship between phonological awareness and reading accuracy in the reading literature (e. g., Leather & Henry, 1994; Gathercole, Willis & Baddeley, 1991). Their implications for second language education are also discussed.