The
Ijime Phenomenon and Japan : Overarching Considerations for Cross-Cultural
Studies
F. Ruiz & K. Tanaka |
This
article addresses the paucity of literature in English about the
problem of ijime (bullying) in Japan. It offers an introductory presentation
to understand its educational, social and cultural context, which
is considered to be a first necessary step in order to conduct cross-cultural
work. Basics on dime research and its history are briefly reviewed;
key educational values and related concepts ("ganbaru" -perseverance-, "gaman" -patience-, "sunao" -obedience-,
and group inclusion and exclusion) are explained followed by illustrative
examples (shikato dime, ochikobore...). Finally, peculiar societal
features in Japan (credential society, examination hell, juku) are
also presented and discussed from the optic of its concomitance with
the dime problem. Key words: dime, school bullying, Japan |