The present paper examines the effect of the titles which were given as an encoding cue for musical passages. These titles were different in their imagery value and validity. 'There were four title conditions, namely, concrete-adequate, concrete-inadequate, abstract, and no-title. The subjects were asked to make a mental image referring to the title, and to take a recognition test later. As a result, the higher imagery value titles resulted in a higher recognition performance, and the higher validity titles also resulted in a higher recognition performance. There was no difference in performance between the title and no-title conditions. These results were discussed in relation to the dual-coding hypothesis, the idea of conflict, and the study of program music.