Human
Stimulus Generalization of Response Latency
R. Howard |
Studies
using response rate and choice measures have suggested that human
stimulus generalization is categorical: Subjects place new stimuli
presented into categories, responding alike to all stimuli within
each category. This categorical pattern might, however, have been
obtained instead of decremental generalization gradients because
response rate and choice are insensitive measures of human stimulus
generalization. Perhaps effects of distance of new stimuli from training
stimuli along a dimension occur only at the onset of test stimulus
presentations. Humans may take progressively longer to decide whether
to respond as distance from a training stimulus increases, resulting
in incremental gradients of response latency. The present study tested
this possibility. Stimuli were presented in discrete trials: University
students made one response per trial for occasional monetary reinforcers.
After acquiring intradimensional occupational status discriminations,
subjects were tested for generalization along the status dimension.
Subjects typically showed step-functions with the latency measure.
The results support the hypothesis that human stimulus generalization
is categorical.
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