Self-reported
Expression and Consequences of Embarrassment in the United Kingdom
and Japan
R.J. Edelmann & S. Iwawaki |
Vats
was collected by questionnaire from Japanese and U.K. college students
in order to compare self-reports of the physiological/behavioural
response associated with embarrassment, coping attempts and observer
reactions to the actor's embarrassment in the two cultures. Blushing/increased
temperature, increased heart rate and smiling/grinning characterised
embarrassment in both cultures, although blushing was referred to
with twice the frequency by the U.K. sample; gage aversion was a
response specific to the U.K. sample. Smiling/grinning as a method
of coping with embarrassment and as a reported .reaction from an
observer was reported with greater frequency by the U. K. sample.
More intense experiences of embarrassment of longer duration were
reported by the Japanese sample although for the U.K. sample it was
more embarrassing to be embarrassed. The results are discussed in
relation to national stereotypes.
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