The present study is to review information-processing researches of the self-system in terms of its cognitive function and diverse effects. They were divided into five aspects: 1. The self influence what information will receive attention, 2. Self-relevant information can be processed with relative efficacy and ease, 3. The self has selective influence on memory, 4. The self has influence on categorization or chunking social information, 5. The self has influence on evaluation, judgment. And, direction of future research was discussed.