This article examines attribution research on poverty. Attribution research focuses on causal perception of events and phenomena. Contrary to scientific psychological research which explores the actual antecedents of poverty, it delineates the perceived causes of poverty. Literature documents that attribution of causality to poverty differs across different social classes, with middle class individuals attributing more causality to internal factors, like hard work and personality characteristics and the poor attributing greater causality to external factors, such as government and societal system. In addition, attribution of causality to poverty is affected by political affiliation, gender, ethnic background, developmental stage, and culture, Theoretical and policy implications of attribution research of poverty are discussed. We have argued that changes in attribution can be used to change behaviour of people.