Abstract
The Leadership Function in Training Groups: A Psychoanalytical Approach to Group Dynamics
M. Hafsi
This paper explores, based on clinical data, the function of the emergent leadership in psychoanalytically led training groups (t-group). The hypothesis developed here is that this leadership, a result of the group's regression to paranoid-schizoid position and resort to manic defence processes (spliting, projective identification, etc.), has a resistancial function. It is, in other words, the "carrier" (porteur) of group's resistance (or negative transference) to trainer (and all what he is supposed to represent, namely, psychological training, rules, organization) perceived as a "bad" object. The leadership is, thus a temporary phenomenon which will disappear when the group reach the depressive position. Moreover, the analysis of the group-leader unconscious relationship led the author to the conclusion that the emergent leader in t-groups is not, as discussed by Freud, the substitute of the group members' ego-ideals, but the substitute of their ideal-egos. Based on clinical examples, this hypothesis is discussed from the perspective of the Kleinian object relations theory, especially the works of the CEFFRAP (Centre de Formation Francais de Psychanalyse) team.