The emergence of existential philosophy and psychology in the West and the East was traced and compared. In the West the existential philosophy as the search for the proper or the true self was traced to later Schelling, who opened a different way from the line of German idealism. The line of the analysis of passions since Plato and Aristotle through Descartes, Spinoza and Kant was regarded as the pioneer in existential psychology. In the East in the development of Buddhism, which was originally existential, 1Vembutsu (belief in Amita-Buddha) appeared at every school of Mahayana Buddhism and the writer identified this as the immanent criticism to its pantheistic philosophical trends, and compared this protest with the emergence of existentialism in the West.