'this paper is an attempt to interpret giri and ninjo in terms of the concept of amaeru which the writer had expounded in his earlier paper (Psychologia, 1962, 5, 1-7). Ninjo, though literally translated as "human feelings," refers to a specific constellation of feelings around the theme of amaeru, inasmuch as it is usually predicated of the people who express one's wish. to amaeru in the socially sanctioned forms and also respond to the call of amaeru in others. Girl can be defined as referring to those social relations in which it is appropriate to experience ninjo. It is the aim of the last part of the paper to evaluate whether giri-ninjo, the traditional patterns of behavior, changed at all or no in the post-war period, particularly how the abolishing of the Emperor ideology affected those patterns. The answer to this question hinges upon what role the Emperor ideology played in terms of regulating interpersonal relations in modern Japan. It is argued that the abolishing of the Emperor ideology had two effects; one, to liberate people from the mythological bond and two, to expose the inherent conflicts in the giri-ninjo way of life, the conflicts which derive from and are invariably associated with the wish to amaeru.